Maze imyaka hafi 30 muri urwo rwego. Igitekerezo cy'"amajwi anyura mu mazi" gishobora kuba cyinjiye mu Bushinwa ubwo ibikoresho byashyirwaga mu bucuruzi mu 2000. Kubera inyungu z'ubucuruzi, iterambere ryabyo rirushaho kuba ryihutirwa.
None se, "Immersive sound" ni iki mu by'ukuri?
Twese tuzi ko kumva ari bumwe mu buryo bw'ingenzi bwo gusobanukirwa ku bantu. Iyo abantu benshi baguye hasi, batangira gukusanya amajwi atandukanye mu bidukikije, hanyuma buhoro buhoro bakora ikarita y'imitsi binyuze mu bufatanye bw'igihe kirekire bw'uburyo bwo gusobanukirwa nko kureba, gukoraho, no guhumurirwa. Uko igihe kigenda gihita, dushobora gushushanya ibyo twumva, no gucira urubanza imiterere y'aho ibintu biherereye, amarangamutima, ndetse n'icyerekezo, umwanya n'ibindi. Mu buryo bumwe, ibyo ugutwi kumva no kumva mu buzima bwa buri munsi ni byo bigaragarira abantu mu buryo nyakuri kandi bufatika.
Sisitemu y'amajwi akoresha amashanyarazi ni uburyo bwo kongera kumva, kandi ni "gukora" cyangwa "kongera kurema" ahantu runaka ku rwego rw'amatwi. Gukurikirana ikoranabuhanga rya electro-acoustic bigira inzira buhoro buhoro. Hamwe n'iterambere rihoraho ry'ikoranabuhanga, twizeye ko umunsi umwe, sisitemu y'amajwi akoresha amashanyarazi ishobora kugarura neza "ahantu nyaho nyaho" twifuza. Iyo turi mu gukora sisitemu y'amajwi akoresha amashanyarazi, dushobora kubona ukuri ko kuba turi mu gace nyaho. "Biteye ishozi, biteye ishozi", iki gitekerezo cyo gusimbuza ni cyo twita "amajwi akoresha amashanyarazi".
Birumvikana ko ku majwi y’abantu benshi, turacyafite icyizere cyo gushakisha byinshi. Uretse gutuma abantu bumva ari abantu b’ukuri, wenda dushobora no gukora amashusho amwe n’amwe tudafite amahirwe cyangwa ibintu bidasanzwe mu buzima bwacu bwa buri munsi. Urugero, ubwoko bwose bw’umuziki wa elegitoroniki uzenguruka mu kirere, ukumva symphony ya kera uhereye aho umuyobozi w’umuziki aherereye aho kuba mu cyumba cy’inama... Aya mashusho yose adashobora kumvikana mu buryo busanzwe ashobora kugerwaho binyuze mu "ijwi ry’abantu benshi", Iki ni igishya mu buhanzi bw’amajwi. Kubwibyo, inzira yo guteza imbere "ijwi ry’abantu benshi" ni inzira igenda buhoro buhoro. Mu bitekerezo byanjye, amakuru y’amajwi gusa afite imirasire itatu ya XYZ yuzuye niyo ashobora kwitwa "ijwi ry’abantu benshi".
Ku bijyanye n'intego nyamukuru, amajwi anyuramo arimo gukurura amajwi mu buryo bw'amashanyarazi mu gice cyose cy'amajwi. Kugira ngo iyi ntego igerweho, nibura ibintu bibiri birakenewe, kimwe ni ukongera gukora ikoranabuhanga mu gusana igice cy'amajwi n'umwanya w'amajwi, kugira ngo byombi bihuzwe mu buryo bw'umwimerere, hanyuma ahanini bigakoreshwa mu gukoresha HRTF-based (Head Related Transfer Function) binaural sound cyangwa speaker sound field hashingiwe kuri algorithms zitandukanye zo gucuranga.
Gusubiramo amajwi uko ari ko kose bisaba kongera kubaka imiterere. Gusubiramo neza ibintu by'amajwi n'ahantu h'amajwi ku gihe kandi neza bishobora gutanga "umwanya nyawo" ugaragara, aho hakoreshejwe uburyo bwinshi bwo kwerekana ibintu n'uburyo butandukanye bwo kwerekana ibintu. Muri iki gihe, impamvu "amajwi yacu yo kwifashisha" atari meza cyane ni uko ku ruhande rumwe, uburyo bwo kwifashisha butari bwiza kandi buhagije, naho ku rundi ruhande, igice cy'amajwi n'ahantu h'amajwi bifitanye isano cyane kandi ntibifatanye neza. Kubwibyo, niba ushaka kubaka sisitemu yo gutunganya amajwi ikora neza, ugomba kuzirikana ibyo bintu byombi binyuze muri algorithms zikora neza kandi zikuze, kandi ntushobora gukora igice kimwe gusa.
Ariko, tugomba kwibuka ko ikoranabuhanga rihora rikorera ubuhanzi. Ubwiza bw'amajwi burimo ubwiza bw'ibirimo n'ubwiza bw'amajwi. Iya mbere, nk'imirongo, injyana, imivuduko, umuvuduko w'ijwi, umuvuduko n'ubukana, nibindi, ni imvugo ziganza; mu gihe iya nyuma yerekeza ahanini ku nshuro, imiterere, urusaku, imiterere y'ikirere, nibindi, ni imvugo isobanutse, ifasha mu kwerekana ubuhanzi bw'amajwi, byombi byuzuzanya. Tugomba kumenya neza itandukaniro riri hagati yabyo byombi, kandi ntidushobora gushyira igare imbere y'ifarashi. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane mu gushaka amajwi yimbitse. Ariko icyarimwe, iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga rishobora gutanga inkunga mu iterambere ry'ubuhanzi. Amajwi yimbitse ni ubumenyi bunini, tudashobora gusobanura mu magambo make. Ariko kandi, ni siyansi ikwiye gukurikiranwa. Gushakisha ibitazwi byose, ibintu byose bihamye kandi bihoraho, bizasiga ikimenyetso ku ruzi rurerure rw'amajwi y'amashanyarazi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-01-2022