Ingaruka yimikorere ya sisitemu yijwi igenwa hamwe nibikoresho bikomoka kumajwi hamwe nicyiciro cyakurikiyeho gushimangira amajwi, bigizwe nisoko ryamajwi, guhuza, ibikoresho bya periferique, gushimangira amajwi nibikoresho byo guhuza.

1. Sisitemu yinkomoko yijwi

Mikoro ni ihuriro ryambere rya sisitemu yose ishimangira amajwi cyangwa sisitemu yo gufata amajwi, kandi ubuziranenge bwayo bugira ingaruka ku bwiza bwa sisitemu yose.Microphone igabanijwemo ibyiciro bibiri: insinga na simsiz ukurikije uburyo bwo kohereza ibimenyetso.

Mikoro idafite insinga irakwiriye cyane cyane gutora amajwi agendanwa.Kugirango byoroherezwe gutora amajwi inshuro zitandukanye, buri mikoro idafite mikoro irashobora kuba ifite mikoro ikoreshwa na mikoro ya Lavalier.Kubera ko sitidiyo ifite sisitemu yo gushimangira amajwi icyarimwe, kugirango wirinde ibitekerezo bya acoustic, mikoro idafite intoki idafite mikoro igomba gukoresha mikorobe yumutima uterekanijwe hafi ya mikoro yo gutoranya imvugo no kuririmba.Muri icyo gihe, sisitemu ya mikoro idafite umugozi igomba gukoresha uburyo butandukanye bwo kwakira ikoranabuhanga, ridashobora gusa kunoza ituze ryikimenyetso cyakiriwe, ahubwo rifasha no gukuraho impande zapfuye na zone ihumye yikimenyetso cyakiriwe.

Mikoro ya wire ifite imikorere-myinshi, inshuro nyinshi, ibyiciro byinshi bya mikoro.Kubijyanye no gutoranya ururimi cyangwa kuririmba, mikoro ya cardioid condenser ikoreshwa muri rusange, kandi mikoro ya elegitoroniki yambara ishobora no gukoreshwa mubice bifite amajwi asobanutse neza;mikoro yo mu bwoko bwa super-icyerekezo kondenseri mikoro irashobora gukoreshwa mugutwara ingaruka zibidukikije;ibikoresho bya percussion bikoreshwa muri rusange mikoro-yoroheje yimuka ya coil mikoro;mikoro yohejuru ya mikoro ya mikoro, imirongo ya clavier nibindi bikoresho bya muzika;mikoro ihanitse-hafi-mikoro irashobora gukoreshwa mugihe urusaku rwibidukikije ari rwinshi;mikoro imwe ya gooseneck condenser mikoro igomba gukoreshwa urebye imiterere yabakinnyi bakomeye.

Umubare nubwoko bwa mikoro birashobora gutoranywa ukurikije ibikenewe kurubuga.

Sisitemu yo gutunganya

Igice cyingenzi cya sisitemu yo kuvanga ni ivanga, rishobora kwongerera imbaraga, guhuza, no guhindura imbaraga ibyinjira byinjira byerekana ibimenyetso byinzego zitandukanye na impedance;koresha umugereka uhwanye kugirango utunganyirize buri murongo wumurongo wikimenyetso;Nyuma yo guhindura igipimo cyo kuvanga buri kimenyetso cyumuyoboro, buri muyoboro uragenerwa kandi woherejwe kuri buri kwakira impera;kugenzura ibimenyetso bizima byongera amajwi nibimenyetso byo gufata amajwi.

Hariho ibintu bike ugomba kwitondera mugihe ukoresheje mixer.Ubwa mbere, hitamo ibice byinjiza bifite ibyambu byinshi byinjiza bifite ubushobozi hamwe nigisubizo cyagutse gishoboka.Urashobora guhitamo mikoro yinjiye cyangwa umurongo winjiza.Buri cyinjijwe gifite urwego ruhoraho rwo kugenzura buto na 48V ya fantom power..Muri ubu buryo, igice cyinjiza cya buri muyoboro gishobora guhindura urwego rwinjiza mbere yo gutunganya.Icya kabiri, kubera ibibazo byo gutanga ibitekerezo no kugenzura ibyiciro kugaruka mugukomeza amajwi, Kuringaniza byinshi mubice byinjiza, ibisubizo byunganira hamwe nibisohoka mumatsinda, ibyiza, kandi kugenzura biroroshye.Icya gatatu, kubwumutekano no kwizerwa bya porogaramu, mixer irashobora kuba ifite ibikoresho bibiri byingenzi kandi byihagararaho, kandi birashobora guhinduka mu buryo bwikora. Guhindura no kugenzura icyiciro cyibimenyetso byamajwi), ibyinjira nibisohoka nibyiza nibyiza bya XLR.

3. Ibikoresho bya periferi

Kurubuga rwamajwi gushimangira bigomba kwemeza urwego runini rwumuvuduko wamajwi utarinze gutanga ibitekerezo bya acoustic, kugirango abavuga nimbaraga zongera imbaraga zirindwe.Muri icyo gihe, kugira ngo ukomeze kumvikanisha amajwi, ariko kandi kugira ngo huzuzwe ibitagenda neza mu majwi, birakenewe ko hashyirwaho ibikoresho bitunganya amajwi hagati ya mixer na amplifier power, nk'uburinganire, guhagarika ibitekerezo. , compressor, ibishimisha, abatandukanya inshuro, Ijwi rikwirakwiza.

Kuringaniza inshuro hamwe no guhagarika ibitekerezo bikoreshwa muguhagarika ibitekerezo byamajwi, guhimba inenge zijwi, no kwemeza neza amajwi.Compressor ikoreshwa kugirango yizere ko imbaraga zongera imbaraga zidashobora gutera imitwaro irenze cyangwa kugoreka mugihe uhuye nimpinga nini yikimenyetso cyinjira, kandi irashobora kurinda ingufu zongerera imbaraga hamwe nabavuga.Ibyishimo bikoreshwa mugushushanya amajwi, ni ukuvuga, kunoza amajwi, kwinjirira, hamwe na stereo Sense, bisobanutse ningaruka za bass.Kugabanya inshuro zikoreshwa mukwohereza ibimenyetso byumurongo utandukanye wumurongo uhuza imbaraga zabyo, kandi imbaraga zongera imbaraga zikongerera ibimenyetso amajwi zikabisohora kubavuga.Niba ushaka gukora progaramu yo murwego rwohejuru rwingaruka zubuhanzi, birakwiye cyane gukoresha ibice 3 bya elegitoroniki byambukiranya mugushushanya amajwi yo gushimangira amajwi.

Hano haribibazo byinshi mugushiraho sisitemu y'amajwi.Gutekereza nabi kumwanya uhuza hamwe nurutonde rwibikoresho bya peripheri bivamo imikorere idahagije yibikoresho, ndetse nibikoresho birashya.Guhuza ibikoresho bya periferique mubisanzwe bisaba gahunda: kuringaniza biherereye nyuma yo kuvanga;nibitekerezo byo guhagarika ibitekerezo ntibigomba gushyirwa imbere yuburinganire.Niba igitekerezo cyo guhagarika ibitekerezo gishyizwe imbere yuburinganire, biragoye gukuraho burundu ibitekerezo bya acoustic, bidahuye nibitekerezo byo guhagarika ibitekerezo;compressor igomba gushyirwaho nyuma yo kunganya no guhagarika ibitekerezo, kubera ko umurimo wingenzi wa compressor ari uguhagarika ibimenyetso birenze urugero no kurinda ingufu zongerera imbaraga n'abavuga;umunezero uhujwe imbere yimbaraga zongera imbaraga;Ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki byahujwe mbere yo kongera ingufu nkuko bikenewe.

Kugirango porogaramu yanditswe ibone ibisubizo byiza, ibipimo bya compressor bigomba guhindurwa uko bikwiye.Iyo compressor imaze kwinjira muri reta ihagaritswe, bizagira ingaruka zangiza kumajwi, gerageza rero wirinde compressor muri compression leta igihe kirekire.Ihame ryibanze ryo guhuza compressor mumuyoboro munini wo kwaguka nuko ibikoresho bya peripheri inyuma ye bitagomba kugira imikorere yo kongera ibimenyetso bishoboka, bitabaye ibyo compressor ntishobora kugira uruhare runini rwo kurinda.Niyo mpanvu kuringaniza bigomba kuba mbere yigitekerezo cyo guhagarika ibitekerezo, na compressor ikaboneka nyuma yo guhagarika ibitekerezo.

Ibyishimo bikoresha ibintu bya psychoacoustic yumuntu kugirango bikore ibintu byinshi bihuza ibice bikwiranye ukurikije inshuro shingiro yijwi.Mugihe kimwe, imikorere yo kwaguka kwinshi irashobora gukora ibintu bikungahaye cyane kandi bikarushaho kunoza ijwi.Kubwibyo, ibimenyetso byamajwi byakozwe na exciter bifite umurongo mugari cyane.Niba umurongo wumurongo wa compressor ari mugari cyane, birashoboka rwose ko moteri ishobora guhuzwa mbere ya compressor.

Ikwirakwizwa rya elegitoroniki ya elegitoronike ihujwe imbere y’ingufu zikenewe nkuko bikenewe kugirango yishyure inenge zatewe nibidukikije hamwe nigisubizo cyinshuro za progaramu zitandukanye zijwi;imbogamizi nini nuko guhuza no gukemura ari ibibazo kandi byoroshye gutera impanuka.Kugeza ubu, ibyuma bifata amajwi bya digitale byagaragaye, bihuza imirimo yavuzwe haruguru, kandi birashobora kuba ubwenge, byoroshye gukora, kandi birenze imikorere.

4. Sisitemu yo gushimangira amajwi

Sisitemu yo gushimangira amajwi igomba kwitondera ko igomba guhura nimbaraga zijwi hamwe nijwi ryumurima umwe;ihagarikwa ryukuri ryabavuga rizima rirashobora kunonosora neza amajwi ashimangira, kugabanya gutakaza amajwi no gutanga ibitekerezo bya acoustic;ingufu zose z'amashanyarazi za sisitemu yo kongera amajwi zigomba kubikwa kuri 30% -50% Yingufu zabigenewe;koresha na terefone ikurikirana.

5. Guhuza sisitemu

Guhuza impedance no guhuza urwego bigomba gusuzumwa mubibazo byo guhuza ibikoresho.Kuringaniza no kutaringaniza bifitanye isano ningingo yerekanwe.Agaciro ko kurwanya (Impedance agaciro) yimpera zombi zerekana ibimenyetso kubutaka bingana, kandi polarite ihabanye, ibyo bikaba byinjijwe neza cyangwa bisohoka.Kubera ko ibimenyetso byo kwivanga byakiriwe na terefone ebyiri ziringaniye bifite agaciro kamwe hamwe na polarite imwe, ibimenyetso byo guhagarika bishobora guhagarika mugenzi wawe hejuru yumutwaro woherejwe.Kubwibyo, umuzenguruko uringaniye ufite uburyo busanzwe bwo guhagarika no kurwanya-kwivanga.Ibikoresho byinshi byamajwi yabigize umwuga bifata imikoranire iringaniye.

Ihuriro ryabavuga rigomba gukoresha ibice byinshi byinsinga ngufi kugirango bigabanye umurongo.Kuberako umurongo urwanya hamwe nibisohoka birwanya imbaraga za amplifier bizagira ingaruka kumurongo muto Q agaciro ka sisitemu yo kuvuga, ibiranga inzibacyuho yumurongo muke bizaba bibi, kandi umurongo wohereza bizana kugoreka mugihe cyo kohereza ibimenyetso byamajwi.Bitewe nubushobozi bwagabanijwe hamwe nogukwirakwiza inductance yumurongo wogukwirakwiza, byombi bifite ibimenyetso biranga inshuro.Kubera ko ibimenyetso bigizwe nibice byinshi byinshyi, mugihe itsinda ryibimenyetso byamajwi bigizwe nibice byinshi byumuvuduko unyuze kumurongo woherejwe, gutinda no kwiyitirira biterwa nibice bitandukanye byinshyi biratandukanye, bikavamo ibyo bita kugoreka amplitude no kugoreka icyiciro.Muri rusange, kugoreka burigihe kubaho.Ukurikije imiterere yumurongo wogukwirakwiza, imiterere itagira igihombo ya R = G = 0 ntabwo izatera kugoreka, kandi kubura rwose nabyo ntibishoboka.Mugihe habaye igihombo gito, ibisabwa byo kohereza ibimenyetso nta kugoreka ni L / R = C / G, kandi umurongo nyirizina wohereza ni L / R

6. Gukemura sisitemu

Mbere yo guhinduka, banza ushireho urwego urwego rwa sisitemu kugirango urwego rwibimenyetso rwa buri rwego ruri murwego rwimikorere yibikoresho, kandi ntihazabaho gukata umurongo utari umurongo bitewe nurwego rwo hejuru rwibimenyetso, cyangwa urwego rwo hasi rwibimenyetso kugirango rutere ibimenyetso -kugereranya-urusaku Kugereranya Abakene, mugihe bashizeho sisitemu urwego rugoramye, urwego rwohejuru rwivanga ni ngombwa cyane.Nyuma yo gushyiraho urwego, sisitemu inshuro ziranga zishobora gukemurwa.

Ibikoresho bigezweho byumwuga wa electro-acoustic bifite ireme ryiza muri rusange bifite imiterere iringaniye cyane murwego rwa 20Hz-20KHz.Ariko, nyuma yinzego nyinshi zihuza, cyane cyane abavuga, ntibashobora kuba bafite imiterere iringaniye.Uburyo bunoze bwo guhinduranya nuburyo bwijimye bwijwi-spekure isesengura.Uburyo bwo guhindura ubu buryo ni ukwinjiza urusaku rwijimye muri sisitemu yijwi, ukabisubiramo na disikuru, hanyuma ugakoresha mikoro yikizamini kugirango ufate amajwi ahantu heza ho gutegera muri salle.Ikizamini cya mikoro ihujwe nisesengura rya sprifike, isesengura ryerekana irashobora kwerekana amplitude-frequency ibiranga sisitemu yijwi rya salle, hanyuma igahindura witonze ibingana ukurikije ibisubizo byapimwe kugirango ibikorerwa muri rusange.Nyuma yo guhinduka, nibyiza kugenzura imiterere ya buri rwego hamwe na oscilloscope kugirango urebe niba urwego runaka rufite kugoreka ibintu byatewe no guhindura byinshi kuringaniza.

Kwivanga kwa sisitemu bigomba kwitondera: ingufu z'amashanyarazi zigomba kuba zihamye;igikonoshwa cya buri gikoresho kigomba kuba gihagaze neza kugirango wirinde hum;ibimenyetso byinjira nibisohoka bigomba kuringanizwa;irinde insinga zidakabije no gusudira bidasanzwe.